🌱Emerging

P21

Also known as: P021, Ac-DGGLAG-NH2

CognitiveAnti-AgingHealth
Not FDA Approved

Primary recreational use: Cognitive enhancement

What is P21?

P21 is a synthetic tetrapeptide derived from the active region of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) designed for cognitive enhancement and neuroprotection. It promotes neurogenesis and has shown cognitive benefits in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury. P21 is currently in preclinical development and is not FDA approved, with research focused on age-related cognitive decline. Key concerns include its lack of human clinical trials and potential nasal irritation during intranasal administration.

Primary Benefits

Enhances cognitive function. Promotes neurogenesis. Improves memory and focus.

How It Works

P21 acts as a CNTF mimetic, enhancing neurogenesis in the hippocampus and improving synaptic plasticity through pathways like BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT. It partially inhibits LIF signaling, reducing neurogenic inhibition, and upregulates BDNF, enhancing neuronal survival and plasticity.

Safety Tips

Precautions reported in community discussions and literature. This is not a complete list.

  • 1.DON'T use P21 if you're pregnant or breastfeeding due to unknown safety profiles.
  • 2.NEVER adjust dosage without consulting reliable research data or guidance.
  • 3.AVOID using P21 in conjunction with medications that affect the central nervous system unless supervised by a healthcare provider.
  • 4.DON'T store reconstituted P21 outside of recommended temperature ranges to maintain efficacy.
  • 5.NEVER take P21 without considering potential psychological effects due to its impact on brain function.
  • 6.DON'T ignore signs of adverse effects or potential intolerance to the peptide.
  • 7.AVOID storing reconstituted solution in direct sunlight or locations prone to temperature fluctuations.
  • 8.DON'T mix with unverified or contaminated supplies; ensure sterility.
  • 9.AVOID overdosing; start with the lowest recommended dosage.

Who Should NOT Use

  • Pregnancy
  • Breastfeeding
  • CNS disorders without supervision

Use Contexts

Different purposes have different protocols, dosing, and considerations

🔬Investigational

Cognitive enhancement

moderate evidence

P21 is used for improving cognitive function, focus, and memory in research settings, typically via intranasal administration.

Evidence: Preclinical studies demonstrate cognitive enhancement and neurogenesis effects in animal models.

The following are ranges reported in published literature and community discussions. These are NOT recommendations or medical advice.

Reported Range
500-2000 mcg
Reported Frequency
once daily
Reported Cycle
4-6 weeks
Reported Route
Intravenous

Timing: Morning

Notes: Nasal sprays preferred for rapid onset.

Community-Reported Protocols

Not recommendations: The following protocols are compiled from online communities and published literature. Pepbase does not endorse, recommend, or verify these protocols. They are provided for informational purposes only. Individual responses vary significantly. Consult a licensed medical professional before any use.

Reported GoalReported DoseReported FrequencyReported Route
Cognitive enhancement500mcg-2mg1-2x dailyIntranasal

Pharmacokinetics

Half-Life
6 hours
Time to Peak
15 minutes
Clearance
~1.3 days

Reported Side Effects

This is not a complete list. Other side effects may occur.

Common
Nasal irritationcommon (1-10%)
Headachecommon (1-10%)
Fatigueuncommon (0.1-1%)
Injection-Specific Warnings
  • Use sterile nasal spray equipment
  • Clear nasal passages before administration

Storage

Temperature
2-8°C
Reconstituted
Refrigerated, use within 14-21 days
Shelf Life
Long-term at -20°C when lyophilized
Light Sensitive
No

Harm Reduction Information

Quality Concerns

  • Certificate of analysis required for purity.
  • Avoid sources without third-party testing.

Safety Tips

  • Use bacteriostatic water for reconstitution.
  • Rotate nasal administration sites to avoid damage.
  • Start with lower doses to assess tolerance.

Warning Signs to Stop

  • Persistent headaches
  • Nasal bleeding or damage

Seek Medical Help Immediately If

  • Severe cognitive changes
  • Allergic reactions

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about P21

How long until I see effects?

With intranasal P21, users may experience acute cognitive enhancement within minutes to hours.

What time of day should I take it?

P21 should be taken in the morning for optimal learning and cognitive enhancement.

How can I minimize side effects?

To minimize side effects of P21, start with lower doses to assess tolerance and use sterile equipment.

Does tolerance develop?

There is no substantial data on tolerance development for P21, but starting with low doses is advisable.

How should I store it?

P21 should be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C and used within 14-21 days after reconstitution.

Do I need to cycle it?

Cycling P21 is recommended; typically, a cycle lasts 4-6 weeks with a 2-4 week break.

Reported Combinations

Compounds reported to be used alongside P21 in community discussions

recreational

Semax

Enhances cognitive effects

investigational

Dihexa

Potential for greater neurogenesis

investigational

BPC-157

Increases neuroprotective effects

Reported Interactions

Interactions reported in literature and community discussions.

Caffeineminor

May enhance alertness synergistically.

Alcoholmoderate

Potentially increases CNS depressant effects.

Antidepressantsmoderate

May have additive effects on neurotransmitters.

Reconstitution Calculator

mL
U100 insulin syringe01020304050607080901001mL

100 units = 1 mL

Safety Tips

  • Always consult a licensed medical professional for dosing and reconstitution instructions.
  • Always double check your units. Mixing up mg and mcg can be very dangerous.
  • Make sure to select your syringe type. U-100 and U-50 syringes have different units.
  • Ensure you're not adding more BAC than your vial can hold. Most vials have maximum capacities listed.

This calculator is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not provide medical advice, dosing recommendations, or safety determinations. Reference ranges shown are compiled from publicly available sources and are not a substitute for guidance from a licensed healthcare professional.

Explore More Research

Browse our database of peptide research information compiled from published literature and community sources.

Browse All PeptidesAbout Pepbase App

Citations

Last updated: October 5, 2023

Important Disclaimer

AI-Generated Content Notice

The information on this page has been compiled using artificial intelligence (AI) and large language model (LLM) technology from multiple sources including published literature, online communities, and public databases. This content may contain errors, inaccuracies, outdated information, or omissions. We make no guarantees regarding the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of any information presented. You are solely responsible for independently verifying any information before relying on it.

Not Medical Advice

Nothing on this website constitutes medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendations. The information provided is for educational and harm-reduction purposes only. We do not provide individualized dosing guidance or treatment recommendations. Protocols and dosing information shown represent reports from community discussions and published literature—they are not endorsements or recommendations. Always consult with a licensed healthcare professional before making any health-related decisions.

No Endorsement of Use

Pepbase does not endorse, encourage, or recommend the use of any peptide or substance discussed on this website. Many compounds discussed are not approved for human use by the FDA or other regulatory agencies. Some substances may be illegal to possess, sell, or use in your jurisdiction. We do not facilitate or encourage the procurement, distribution, or use of controlled or prescription-only substances. Users are solely responsible for understanding and complying with all applicable laws in their jurisdiction.

Calculators and Tools

Any calculators, estimators, or tools provided on this website are for informational purposes only and produce estimates that may be inaccurate. Errors in calculations can result in serious harm. You are solely responsible for verifying all calculations independently. These tools do not account for individual factors that may affect dosing and should never be relied upon as a substitute for professional medical guidance.

Assumption of Risk

By using this website, you acknowledge that you understand the risks associated with using unregulated substances and that you assume full responsibility for your own health decisions. Pepbase, its creators, contributors, and affiliates disclaim all liability for any harm, injury, or damages arising from the use or misuse of information on this website. Use of any information on this site is entirely at your own risk.

If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call emergency services immediately. If you have questions about medications or supplements, consult a licensed pharmacist or physician.